【HarmonyOS】鸿蒙应用蓝牙功能实现（二）

##鸿蒙开发能力 ##HarmonyOS SDK 应用服务 ##鸿蒙金融类应用（金融理财 # 前言蓝牙一般分为传统蓝牙(BR/EDR)，低功耗蓝牙(BLE)两种。鸿蒙将蓝牙的功能模块分的非常细。基本上我们会用到access进行蓝牙状态的开启和关闭，以及状态查询。在使用connection进行传统蓝牙模式的扫描和配对。或者再使用ble低功耗蓝牙模式进行广播，发起广播，传输数据，以及消息订阅。

Demo示例： import { access } from '@kit.ConnectivityKit'; import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; import { BlueToothMgr } from '../manager/BlueToothMgr'; import { abilityAccessCtrl, common } from '@kit.AbilityKit'; import { connection } from '@kit.ConnectivityKit'; import { map } from '@kit.ConnectivityKit'; import { pbap } from '@kit.ConnectivityKit';

@Entry @Component struct Index {

private TAG: string = "BlueToothTest";

// 蓝牙状态 @State @Watch('onChangeBlueTooth') isStartBlueTooth: boolean = false; @State userGrant: boolean = false;

@State mListDevice: Array = [];

async aboutToAppear() { await this.requestBlueToothPermission();

let state = access.getState();
console.log(this.TAG, "getState state: " + state);
if(state == 2){
  this.isStartBlueTooth = true;
}else{
  this.isStartBlueTooth = false;
}

}

private onChangeBlueTooth(){ if(!this.isStartBlueTooth){ return; } // 当前设备的蓝牙可发现状态 try { let res: boolean = connection.isBluetoothDiscovering(); console.info(this.TAG, 'isBluetoothDiscovering: ' + res); } catch (err) { console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message); }

// 访问信息相关功能
try {
  let mapMseProfile = map.createMapMseProfile();
  console.info(this.TAG, 'MapMse success:' + JSON.stringify(mapMseProfile));
} catch (err) {
  console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message);
}

// 访问电话簿相关功能
try {
  let pbapServerProfile = pbap.createPbapServerProfile();
  console.info(this.TAG, 'pbapServer success:' + JSON.stringify(pbapServerProfile));
} catch (err) {
  console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message);
}

try {
  connection.on('bluetoothDeviceFind', (data: Array<string>)=> {
    console.info(this.TAG, 'data length' + JSON.stringify(data));
    // 获取扫描可配对的设备列表
    this.mListDevice = data;
  });
  connection.startBluetoothDiscovery();
} catch (err) {
  console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message);
}

}

// 用户申请权限 async reqPermissionsFromUser(): Promise<number[]> { let context = getContext() as common.UIAbilityContext; let atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager(); let grantStatus = await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context, ['ohos.permission.ACCESS_BLUETOOTH']); return grantStatus.authResults; }

// 用户申请蓝牙权限 async requestBlueToothPermission() { let grantStatus = await this.reqPermissionsFromUser(); for (let i = 0; i < grantStatus.length; i++) { if (grantStatus[i] === 0) { // 用户授权，可以继续访问目标操作 this.userGrant = true; } } }

setBlueToothState =()=>{ try { if(!this.isStartBlueTooth){ BlueToothMgr.Ins().setBlueToothAccess(true); }else{ BlueToothMgr.Ins().setBlueToothAccess(false); } let state = access.getState(); if(state == 2){ this.isStartBlueTooth = true; }else{ this.isStartBlueTooth = false; } console.log(this.TAG, "getState state: " + state); } catch (err) { console.error(this.TAG,'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message); } }

build() { RelativeContainer() { if(this.userGrant){ Text("蓝牙状态:" + this.isStartBlueTooth ? "开启" : "关闭") .id('HelloWorld') .fontSize(50) .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold) .alignRules({ center: { anchor: 'container', align: VerticalAlign.Center }, middle: { anchor: 'container', align: HorizontalAlign.Center } }) .onClick(this.setBlueToothState)

    Text("蓝牙状态:" + this.isStartBlueTooth ? "开启" : "关闭")
      .id('HelloWorld')
      .fontSize(50)
      .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      .alignRules({
        center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
        middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
      })
      .onClick(this.setBlueToothState)


  }
}
.height('100%')
.width('100%')

}

@Builder ListView(){ List() { ForEach(this.mListDevice, (item: string, index: number) => { ListItem() { Row() { Text(item).fontSize(px2fp(22)).fontColor(Color.Black) } .width('100%') .height(px2vp(100)) .justifyContent(FlexAlign.Start) } }, (item: string, index: number) => JSON.stringify(item) + index) } .width('100%') .height('100%') } }

import { access, ble } from '@kit.ConnectivityKit'; import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';

export class BlueToothMgr {

private TAG: string = "BlueToothTest";

private static mBlueToothMgr: BlueToothMgr | undefined = undefined;

private advHandle: number = 0xFF; // default invalid value

public static Ins(){ if(!BlueToothMgr.mBlueToothMgr){ BlueToothMgr.mBlueToothMgr = new BlueToothMgr(); } return BlueToothMgr.mBlueToothMgr; }

// STATE_OFF 0 表示蓝牙已关闭。 // STATE_TURNING_ON 1 表示蓝牙正在打开。 // STATE_ON 2 表示蓝牙已打开。 // STATE_TURNING_OFF 3 表示蓝牙正在关闭。 // STATE_BLE_TURNING_ON 4 表示蓝牙正在打开LE-only模式。 // STATE_BLE_ON 5 表示蓝牙正处于LE-only模式。 // STATE_BLE_TURNING_OFF 6 表示蓝牙正在关闭LE-only模式。

/**

设置蓝牙访问(开关状态)
@param isAccess true: 打开蓝牙

/ setBlueToothAccess(isAccess: boolean){ try { if(isAccess){

console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth enableBluetooth 1');
access.enableBluetooth();
console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth enableBluetooth ');
access.on('stateChange', (data: access.BluetoothState) => {
  let btStateMessage = this.switchState(data);
  if (btStateMessage == 'STATE_ON') {
    access.off('stateChange');
  }
  console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth statues: ' + btStateMessage);
})

}else{

console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth disableBluetooth 1');
access.disableBluetooth();
console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth disableBluetooth ');
access.on('stateChange', (data: access.BluetoothState) => {
  let btStateMessage = this.switchState(data);
  if (btStateMessage == 'STATE_OFF') {
    access.off('stateChange');
  }
  console.info(this.TAG, "bluetooth statues: " + btStateMessage);
})

} } catch (err) { console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message); } }

private switchState(data: access.BluetoothState){ let btStateMessage = ''; switch (data) { case 0:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_OFF';
break;

case 1:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_TURNING_ON';
break;

case 2:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_ON';
break;

case 3:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_TURNING_OFF';
break;

case 4:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_BLE_TURNING_ON';
break;

case 5:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_BLE_ON';
break;

case 6:

btStateMessage += 'STATE_BLE_TURNING_OFF';
break;

default:

btStateMessage += 'unknown status';
break;

} return btStateMessage; }

/**

主播蓝牙广播
/ public registerBroadcast(){ try { ble.on('advertisingStateChange', (data: ble.AdvertisingStateChangeInfo) => {
```
console.info(this.TAG, 'bluetooth advertising state = ' + JSON.stringify(data));
AppStorage.setOrCreate('advertiserState', data.state);
```
}); } catch (err) { console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message); } }

/**
开启蓝牙广播
/ public async startBroadcast(valueBuffer: Uint8Array){

// 表示发送广播的相关参数。 let setting: ble.AdvertiseSetting = { // 表示广播间隔，最小值设置160个slot表示100ms，最大值设置16384个slot，默认值设置为1600个slot表示1s。 interval: 160, // 表示发送功率，最小值设置-127，最大值设置1，默认值设置-7，单位dbm。推荐值：高档（1），中档（-7），低档（-15）。 txPower: 0, // 表示是否是可连接广播，默认值设置为true，表示可连接，false表示不可连接。 connectable: true };

// BLE广播数据包的内容。 let manufactureDataUnit: ble.ManufactureData = { // 表示制造商的ID，由蓝牙SIG分配。 manufactureId: 4567, manufactureValue: valueBuffer.buffer };

let serviceValueBuffer = new Uint8Array(4); serviceValueBuffer[0] = 5; serviceValueBuffer[1] = 6; serviceValueBuffer[2] = 7; serviceValueBuffer[3] = 8;

// 广播包中服务数据内容。 let serviceDataUnit: ble.ServiceData = { serviceUuid: "00001888-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb", serviceValue: serviceValueBuffer.buffer };

// 表示广播的数据包内容。 let advData: ble.AdvertiseData = { serviceUuids: ["00001888-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"], manufactureData: [manufactureDataUnit], serviceData: [serviceDataUnit], includeDeviceName: false // 表示是否携带设备名，可选参数。注意带上设备名时广播包长度不能超出31个字节。 };

// 表示回复扫描请求的响应内容。 let advResponse: ble.AdvertiseData = { serviceUuids: ["00001888-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"], manufactureData: [manufactureDataUnit], serviceData: [serviceDataUnit] };

// 首次启动广播设置的参数。 let advertisingParams: ble.AdvertisingParams = { advertisingSettings: setting, advertisingData: advData, advertisingResponse: advResponse, // 表示发送广播持续的时间。单位为10ms，有效范围为1(10ms)到65535(655350ms)，如果未指定此参数或者将其设置为0，则会连续发送广播。 duration: 0 // 可选参数，若大于0，则广播发送一段时间后，则会临时停止，可重新启动发送 }

// 首次启动广播，且获取所启动广播的标识ID try { this.registerBroadcast(); this.advHandle = await ble.startAdvertising(advertisingParams); } catch (err) { console.error(this.TAG, 'errCode: ' + (err as BusinessError).code + ', errMessage: ' + (err as BusinessError).message); } }

}

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