05 SpringBoot - HelloWorld开发者社区

入门案例

开发控制器类

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        System.out.println("id ==> " + id);
        return "hello , spring boot! ";
    }
}

最简SpringBoot程序所包含的基础文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>cn.lixuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_01</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

// 启动的时候不需要连接数据库
// @SpringBootApplication(exclude= {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

SpringBoot项目快速启动

<!-- jar支持命令行启动需要依赖maven插件支持 -->
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

java -jar springboot_01.jar    # 项目的名称根据实际情况修改

基础配置

SpringBoot配置文件加载顺序

// application.properties > application.yml > application.yaml

yaml数据读取

lesson: SpringBoot

server:
  port: 80

enterprise:
  name: itcast
  age: 16
  tel: 4006184000
  subject:
    - Java
    - 前端
    - 大数据

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    //使用@Value读取单一属性数据
    @Value("${lesson}")
    private String lesson;
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private Integer port;
    @Value("${enterprise.subject[0]}")
    private String subject_00;

    @Autowired
    private Enterprise enterprise;

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public String getById(@PathVariable Integer id){
        System.out.println(lesson);
        System.out.println(port);
        System.out.println(subject_00);

        System.out.println("---------------------");
        System.out.println(enterprise);
        return "hello , spring boot!";
    }
}

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "enterprise")
@Data
public class Enterprise {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String tel;
    private String[] subject;
}

自定义对象封装数据警告解决方案

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

yml多环境启动

#设置启用的环境
spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

---
#开发
spring:
  config:
    activate:
      on-profile: dev
server:
  port: 80
---
#生产
spring:
  profiles: pro
server:
  port: 81
---
#测试
spring:
  profiles: test
server:
  port: 82
---

带参数启动SpringBoot

java –jar springboot.jar --spring.profiles.active=test
java –jar springboot.jar --server.port=88
java –jar springboot.jar --server.port=88 --spring.profiles.active=test

Maven与SpringBoot多环境兼容

Maven中设置多环境属性

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>dev_env</id>
        <properties>
            <profile.active>dev</profile.active>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>pro_env</id>
        <properties>
            <profile.active>pro</profile.active>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>test_env</id>
        <properties>
            <profile.active>test</profile.active>
        </properties>
    </profile>
</profiles>

对资源文件开启对默认占位符的解析

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

SpringBoot中引用Maven属性

#设置启用的环境
spring:
  profiles:
    active: ${profile.active}

---
#开发
spring:
  profiles: dev
server:
  port: 80
---
#生产
spring:
  profiles: pro
server:
  port: 81
---
#测试
spring:
  profiles: test
server:
  port: 82
---

SpringBoot中4级配置文件

1级： file ：config/application.yml 【最高】
2级： file ：application.yml
3级：classpath：config/application.yml
4级：classpath：application.yml 【最低】
1级与2级留做系统打包后设置通用属性
3级与4级用于系统开发阶段设置通用属性

整合第三方技术

SpringBoot整合JUnit

添加整合junit起步依赖(可以直接勾选)

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

编写测试类，默认自动生成了一个

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot07JunitApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        bookService.save();
    }
}

SpringBoot整合MyBatis

创建SpringBoot工程，添加druid依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.6</version>
</dependency>

设置数据源参数

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db?serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: root
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

定义数据层接口与映射配置

@Mapper
public interface UserDao {
    @Select("select * from tbl_book where id=#{id}")
    Book getById(Integer id);
}

测试类中注入dao接口，测试功能

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot08MybatisApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;

    @Test
    public void testGetById() {
        Book book = bookDao.getById(1);
        System.out.println(book);
    }
}