Maven 基础标签之版本管理和冲突解决

kenx
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前言

我们在做java项目的时候由于jar包太多，我们就需要使用maven做项目管理，管理项目的jar包依赖，包括打包上线

maven基础

Maven 是一个项目管理工具，主要用于项目构建，依赖管理，项目信息管理

每个maven 项目根目录都会有一个 pom.xml文件， 负责项目构建，依赖管理 在这个文件里面，你只需要添加相应的jar包坐标配置，maven就会自动帮你下载相应jar包，不需要我们手动去构建添加jar包很方面，尤其在项目很大，需要jar包依赖很多时候，根本离不开maven

Maven 基础标签之版本管理和冲突解决

在maven的代码库中，每一个jar包也有自己的 pom.xml文件配置，只要你配置的jar包所依赖的其他jar包都会被maven自动下载下来。

这里会涉及到问题maven多模块实现以及循环依赖 后面会讲解

    <dependency> 
      <groupId>cn.soboys</groupId>  项目组项目所在团队
      <artifactId>kmall</artifactId>  项目具体名称模块名
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  项目版本号
    </dependency>

maven都会通过，<groupId>-<artifactId>-<version>坐标来定位一个jar包 在maven互联网仓库上，并进行下载

Maven 会根据 POM 文件自动下载所需 JAR 包。如果以后你在本地其它项目中也使用此 JAR 包，那么 Maven 会首先检查本地是否有 JAR 包，如果没有再从中央仓库下载。

maven 项目结构命令

Maven 基础标签之版本管理和冲突解决

  1. src/main/java - 存放项目.java文件；
  2. src/main/resources - 存放项目资源文件；
  3. src/test/java - 存放测试类.java文件；
  4. src/test/resources - 存放测试资源文件；
  5. target - 项目输出目录；
  6. pom.xml - Maven核心文件（Project Object Model）；

    maven常用命令

  7. mvn archetype：create 创建Maven项目
  8. mvn compile 编译源代码
  9. mvn deploy 发布项目
  10. mvn test-compile 编译测试源代码
  11. mvn test 运行应用程序中的单元测试
  12. mvn site 生成项目相关信息的网站
  13. mvn clean 清除项目目录中的生成结果
  14. mvn package 根据项目生成的jar
  15. mvn install 在本地Repository中安装jar
  16. mvn eclipse:eclipse 生成eclipse项目文件
  17. mvnjetty:run 启动jetty服务
  18. mvntomcat:run 启动tomcat服务
  19. mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true 清除以前的包后重新打包，跳过测试类

maven 常用标签

parent标签

在maven多模块项目中引用父pom依赖，在springboot项目中就有父依赖

  <!--引用springBoot父项目-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.7</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

properties标签

定义一些全局属性值，常用于jar包版本定义全局管理jar包版本后面可以${} 取值

在springboot项目中父pom会定义一些项目jar包版本依赖 ，所以我们在引用jar时候才不用写jar包版本，会自动跟随父pom中定义的jar包版本

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>2.4.7</version>
  </parent>
<properties>
    <activemq.version>5.16.2</activemq.version>
    <antlr2.version>2.7.7</antlr2.version>
    <appengine-sdk.version>1.9.89</appengine-sdk.version>
    <artemis.version>2.15.0</artemis.version>
    <aspectj.version>1.9.6</aspectj.version>
    <assertj.version>3.18.1</assertj.version>
    <atomikos.version>4.0.6</atomikos.version>
    <awaitility.version>4.0.3</awaitility.version>
    <bitronix.version>2.1.4</bitronix.version>
    <build-helper-maven-plugin.version>3.2.0</build-helper-maven-plugin.version>
    <byte-buddy.version>1.10.22</byte-buddy.version>
    <caffeine.version>2.8.8</caffeine.version>
    <cassandra-driver.version>4.9.0</cassandra-driver.version>
    <classmate.version>1.5.1</classmate.version>
    <commons-codec.version>1.15</commons-codec.version>
    <commons-dbcp2.version>2.8.0</commons-dbcp2.version>
    <commons-lang3.version>3.11</commons-lang3.version>
    <commons-pool.version>1.6</commons-pool.version>
    <commons-pool2.version>2.9.0</commons-pool2.version>
    <couchbase-client.version>3.0.10</couchbase-client.version>
    <db2-jdbc.version>11.5.5.0</db2-jdbc.version>
    <dependency-management-plugin.version>1.0.11.RELEASE</dependency-management-plugin.version>
    <derby.version>10.14.2.0</derby.version>
    <dropwizard-metrics.version>4.1.22</dropwizard-metrics.version>
    <ehcache.version>2.10.9.2</ehcache.version>
    <ehcache3.version>3.9.4</ehcache3.version>
    <elasticsearch.version>7.9.3</elasticsearch.version>
    <embedded-mongo.version>2.2.0</embedded-mongo.version>
    <flyway.version>7.1.1</flyway.version>
    <freemarker.version>2.3.31</freemarker.version>
    <git-commit-id-plugin.version>3.0.1</git-commit-id-plugin.version>
    <glassfish-el.version>3.0.3</glassfish-el.version>
    <glassfish-jaxb.version>2.3.4</glassfish-jaxb.version>
    <groovy.version>2.5.14</groovy.version>
    <gson.version>2.8.7</gson.version>
    <h2.version>1.4.200</h2.version>
    <hamcrest.version>2.2</hamcrest.version>
    <hazelcast.version>4.0.3</hazelcast.version>
    <hazelcast-hibernate5.version>2.1.1</hazelcast-hibernate5.version>
    <hibernate.version>5.4.32.Final</hibernate.version>
    <hibernate-validator.version>6.1.7.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
    <hikaricp.version>3.4.5</hikaricp.version>
    <hsqldb.version>2.5.2</hsqldb.version>
    <htmlunit.version>2.44.0</htmlunit.version>
    <httpasyncclient.version>4.1.4</httpasyncclient.version>
    <httpclient.version>4.5.13</httpclient.version>
    <httpcore.version>4.4.14</httpcore.version>
    <infinispan.version>11.0.11.Final</infinispan.version>
    <influxdb-java.version>2.20</influxdb-java.version>
    <jackson-bom.version>2.11.4</jackson-bom.version>
    <jakarta-activation.version>1.2.2</jakarta-activation.version>
    <jakarta-annotation.version>1.3.5</jakarta-annotation.version>
    <jakarta-jms.version>2.0.3</jakarta-jms.version>
    <jakarta-json.version>1.1.6</jakarta-json.version>
    <jakarta-json-bind.version>1.0.2</jakarta-json-bind.version>
    <jakarta-mail.version>1.6.7</jakarta-mail.version>
    <jakarta-persistence.version>2.2.3</jakarta-persistence.version>
    <jakarta-servlet.version>4.0.4</jakarta-servlet.version>
    <jakarta-servlet-jsp-jstl.version>1.2.7</jakarta-servlet-jsp-jstl.version>
    <jakarta-transaction.version>1.3.3</jakarta-transaction.version>
    <jakarta-validation.version>2.0.2</jakarta-validation.version>
    <jakarta-websocket.version>1.1.2</jakarta-websocket.version>
    <jakarta-ws-rs.version>2.1.6</jakarta-ws-rs.version>
    <jakarta-xml-bind.version>2.3.3</jakarta-xml-bind.version>
    <jakarta-xml-soap.version>1.4.2</jakarta-xml-soap.version>
    <jakarta-xml-ws.version>2.3.3</jakarta-xml-ws.version>
    <janino.version>3.1.4</janino.version>
    <javax-activation.version>1.2.0</javax-activation.version>
    <javax-annotation.version>1.3.2</javax-annotation.version>
    <javax-cache.version>1.1.1</javax-cache.version>
    <javax-jaxb.version>2.3.1</javax-jaxb.version>
    <javax-jaxws.version>2.3.1</javax-jaxws.version>
    <javax-jms.version>2.0.1</javax-jms.version>
    <javax-json.version>1.1.4</javax-json.version>
    <javax-jsonb.version>1.0</javax-jsonb.version>
    <javax-mail.version>1.6.2</javax-mail.version>
    <javax-money.version>1.1</javax-money.version>
    <javax-persistence.version>2.2</javax-persistence.version>
    <javax-transaction.version>1.3</javax-transaction.version>
    <javax-validation.version>2.0.1.Final</javax-validation.version>
    <javax-websocket.version>1.1</javax-websocket.version>
    <jaxen.version>1.2.0</jaxen.version>
    <jaybird.version>3.0.11</jaybird.version>
    <jboss-logging.version>3.4.2.Final</jboss-logging.version>
    <jboss-transaction-spi.version>7.6.1.Final</jboss-transaction-spi.version>
    <jdom2.version>2.0.6</jdom2.version>
    <jedis.version>3.3.0</jedis.version>
    <jersey.version>2.32</jersey.version>
    <jetty-el.version>8.5.54</jetty-el.version>
    <jetty-jsp.version>2.2.0.v201112011158</jetty-jsp.version>
    <jetty-reactive-httpclient.version>1.1.9</jetty-reactive-httpclient.version>
    <jetty.version>9.4.42.v20210604</jetty.version>
    <jmustache.version>1.15</jmustache.version>
    <johnzon.version>1.2.13</johnzon.version>
    <jolokia.version>1.6.2</jolokia.version>
    <jooq.version>3.14.11</jooq.version>
    <json-path.version>2.4.0</json-path.version>
    <json-smart.version>2.3.1</json-smart.version>
    <jsonassert.version>1.5.0</jsonassert.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <jtds.version>1.3.1</jtds.version>
    <junit.version>4.13.2</junit.version>
    <junit-jupiter.version>5.7.2</junit-jupiter.version>
    <kafka.version>2.6.2</kafka.version>
    <kotlin.version>1.4.32</kotlin.version>
    <kotlin-coroutines.version>1.4.3</kotlin-coroutines.version>
    <lettuce.version>6.0.5.RELEASE</lettuce.version>
    <liquibase.version>3.10.3</liquibase.version>
    <log4j2.version>2.13.3</log4j2.version>
    <logback.version>1.2.3</logback.version>
    <lombok.version>1.18.20</lombok.version>
    <mariadb.version>2.7.3</mariadb.version>
    <maven-antrun-plugin.version>1.8</maven-antrun-plugin.version>
    <maven-assembly-plugin.version>3.3.0</maven-assembly-plugin.version>
    <maven-clean-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-clean-plugin.version>
    <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.8.1</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
    <maven-dependency-plugin.version>3.1.2</maven-dependency-plugin.version>
    <maven-deploy-plugin.version>2.8.2</maven-deploy-plugin.version>
    <maven-enforcer-plugin.version>3.0.0-M3</maven-enforcer-plugin.version>
    <maven-failsafe-plugin.version>2.22.2</maven-failsafe-plugin.version>
    <maven-help-plugin.version>3.2.0</maven-help-plugin.version>
    <maven-install-plugin.version>2.5.2</maven-install-plugin.version>
    <maven-invoker-plugin.version>3.2.2</maven-invoker-plugin.version>
    <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.2.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
    <maven-javadoc-plugin.version>3.2.0</maven-javadoc-plugin.version>
    <maven-resources-plugin.version>3.2.0</maven-resources-plugin.version>
    <maven-shade-plugin.version>3.2.4</maven-shade-plugin.version>
    <maven-source-plugin.version>3.2.1</maven-source-plugin.version>
    <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.22.2</maven-surefire-plugin.version>
    <maven-war-plugin.version>3.3.1</maven-war-plugin.version>
    <micrometer.version>1.6.7</micrometer.version>
    <mimepull.version>1.9.14</mimepull.version>
    <mockito.version>3.6.28</mockito.version>
    <mongodb.version>4.1.2</mongodb.version>
    <mssql-jdbc.version>8.4.1.jre8</mssql-jdbc.version>
    <mysql.version>8.0.25</mysql.version>
    <nekohtml.version>1.9.22</nekohtml.version>
    <neo4j-java-driver.version>4.1.3</neo4j-java-driver.version>
    <netty.version>4.1.65.Final</netty.version>
    <netty-tcnative.version>2.0.39.Final</netty-tcnative.version>
    <oauth2-oidc-sdk.version>8.36.1</oauth2-oidc-sdk.version>
    <nimbus-jose-jwt.version>8.20.2</nimbus-jose-jwt.version>
    <ojdbc.version>19.3.0.0</ojdbc.version>
    <okhttp3.version>3.14.9</okhttp3.version>
    <oracle-database.version>19.8.0.0</oracle-database.version>
    <pooled-jms.version>1.2.2</pooled-jms.version>
    <postgresql.version>42.2.20</postgresql.version>
    <prometheus-pushgateway.version>0.9.0</prometheus-pushgateway.version>
    <quartz.version>2.3.2</quartz.version>
    <querydsl.version>4.4.0</querydsl.version>
    <r2dbc-bom.version>Arabba-SR10</r2dbc-bom.version>
    <rabbit-amqp-client.version>5.10.0</rabbit-amqp-client.version>
    <reactive-streams.version>1.0.3</reactive-streams.version>
    <reactor-bom.version>2020.0.7</reactor-bom.version>
    <rest-assured.version>3.3.0</rest-assured.version>
    <rsocket.version>1.1.1</rsocket.version>
    <rxjava.version>1.3.8</rxjava.version>
    <rxjava-adapter.version>1.2.1</rxjava-adapter.version>
    <rxjava2.version>2.2.21</rxjava2.version>
    <saaj-impl.version>1.5.3</saaj-impl.version>
    <selenium.version>3.141.59</selenium.version>
    <selenium-htmlunit.version>2.44.0</selenium-htmlunit.version>
    <sendgrid.version>4.6.8</sendgrid.version>
    <servlet-api.version>4.0.1</servlet-api.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.30</slf4j.version>
    <snakeyaml.version>1.27</snakeyaml.version>
    <solr.version>8.5.2</solr.version>
    <spring-amqp.version>2.3.8</spring-amqp.version>
    <spring-batch.version>4.3.3</spring-batch.version>
    <spring-data-bom.version>2020.0.9</spring-data-bom.version>
    <spring-framework.version>5.3.8</spring-framework.version>
    <spring-hateoas.version>1.2.6</spring-hateoas.version>
    <spring-integration.version>5.4.7</spring-integration.version>
    <spring-kafka.version>2.6.9</spring-kafka.version>
    <spring-ldap.version>2.3.4.RELEASE</spring-ldap.version>
    <spring-restdocs.version>2.0.5.RELEASE</spring-restdocs.version>
    <spring-retry.version>1.3.1</spring-retry.version>
    <spring-security.version>5.4.6</spring-security.version>
    <spring-session-bom.version>2020.0.4</spring-session-bom.version>
    <spring-ws.version>3.0.10.RELEASE</spring-ws.version>
    <sqlite-jdbc.version>3.32.3.3</sqlite-jdbc.version>
    <sun-mail.version>1.6.7</sun-mail.version>
    <thymeleaf.version>3.0.12.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    <thymeleaf-extras-data-attribute.version>2.0.1</thymeleaf-extras-data-attribute.version>
    <thymeleaf-extras-java8time.version>3.0.4.RELEASE</thymeleaf-extras-java8time.version>
    <thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity.version>3.0.4.RELEASE</thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity.version>
    <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.5.3</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
    <tomcat.version>9.0.46</tomcat.version>
    <unboundid-ldapsdk.version>4.0.14</unboundid-ldapsdk.version>
    <undertow.version>2.2.8.Final</undertow.version>
    <versions-maven-plugin.version>2.8.1</versions-maven-plugin.version>
    <webjars-hal-browser.version>3325375</webjars-hal-browser.version>
    <webjars-locator-core.version>0.46</webjars-locator-core.version>
    <wsdl4j.version>1.6.3</wsdl4j.version>
    <xml-maven-plugin.version>1.0.2</xml-maven-plugin.version>
    <xmlunit2.version>2.7.0</xmlunit2.version>
  </properties>

dependencyManagement标签

在Maven多模块的时候，管理依赖关系是非常重要的，各种依赖包冲突，查询问题起来非常复杂，于是就用到了，

在springboot项目中父模块就定义了

  <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>

             <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-artemis</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-batch</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra-reactive</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase-reactive</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-ldap</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb-reactive</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-r2dbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-solr</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-hateoas</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jersey</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jooq</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mustache</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-reactor-netty</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-rsocket</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.7</version>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

那么在子模块中只需要<groupId>和<artifactId>即可，也就是我们创建springboot项目中

 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>

使用dependencyManagement可以统一管理项目的版本号，确保应用的各个项目的依赖和版本一致，不用每个模块项目都弄一个版本号，不利于管理，当需要变更版本号的时候只需要在父类容器里更新，不需要任何一个子项目的修改；如果某个子项目需要另外一个特殊的版本号时，只需要在自己的模块dependencies中声明一个版本号即可。子类就会使用子类声明的版本号，不继承于父类版本号

dependencies标签

用于引入项目依赖

  <dependencies>
        <!--aop 切面-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--ip获取位置-->
    </dependencies>

注意

Dependencies相对于dependencyManagement，所有生命在dependencies里的依赖都会自动引入，并默认被所有的子项目继承。 而dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖，并不自动实现引入，因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖。

如果不在子项目中声明依赖，是不会从父项目中继承下来的；只有在子项目中写了该依赖项，并且没有指定具体版本，才会从父项目中继承该项，并且version和scope都读取自父pom;另外如果子项目中指定了版本号，那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本。

maven冲突解决

我们可以通过exclusions 标签过滤掉不需要的依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
  </dependency>

maven打包和插件

下面列举的常用打包和插件

 <!--打包-->
    <build>
       <resources>
        <resource>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        </resource>
    </resources>


        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.resources.plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.jar.plugin.version}</version>
            </plugin>

           <!-- <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven-war-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration> &lt;!&ndash; Exclude JCL and LOG4J since all logging should go through SLF4J. Note that we're excluding log4j-<version>.jar but keeping log4j-over-slf4j-<version>.jar &ndash;&gt;
                    <packagingExcludes>
                        WEB-INF/lib/hutool-setting.jar,
                    </packagingExcludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>-->

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal><!--可以把依赖的包都打包到生成的Jar包中-->
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
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