Greenplum安全

身份认证

1、Handles  the  user  anthentication
2、The file is  located in $MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY
3、Comments  are ignored
4、File is read line by  line 
5、First  matching  line is used 
6、All  subsequent lines are ignored
7、Pessimistic - if no grants,then deny access
8、To be able to access to a Greenplum database from a distant host,the couple role/host  has to be set in the configuration file pg_hba.conf

pg_hba.conf配置连接类型

Type of connection:
local : Connection is coming in over the Unix Domain Socket
host : Connection over the network ,encryption is optional
hostssl : Connection over the network ,encryption is enforced
hostnossl: Connection over the network ,no encrytion

pg_hba.conf配置连接数据库

Name of database:
1、Database name, or list of database names separated by comma
2、‘all’ for all databases
3、@followed by filename : file containing  databases , one per line

pg_hba.conf配置连接用户

Name of the user:
1、Role name,or list of role names separated by comma
2、‘all’ for all roles
3、@followed by filename,file containing role names, one per line
4、+role name: a group where access is granted all members of this group

pg_hba.conf配置连接网络地址

Network address
1、only for host ,hostssl and hostnossl(1st   column)
2、Network address might be  an IPv2 or IPv6 address


CIDR-Address    IP-Address + IP-Mask    Comment
192.107.2.89/32    192.107.2.89  255.255.255.255    Single network
192.107.2.0/24    192.107.2.0  255.255.255.0    Small  network
192.107.0.0/16    192.107.0.0  255.255.0.0    Large  network
0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0      0.0.0.0      Full   network

pg_hba.conf配置用户的认证方法

Authentication method:
trust : 该模式可以不用密码直接连接数据库，不安全，一般用于集群内部局域网内
reject：该模式表示拒绝所有请求
md5 : 该模式较常用，发送之前使用md5算法加密的密码
password : 该模式是使用明文密码进行身份认证
ldap : 使用LDAP服务器认证
gss : 用GSSAPI和Kerberos认证用户，只对TCP/IP链接可用
pam: 使用操作系统提供的可插入认证模块服务(PAM)认证
redius:用RADIUS服务器认证
cert : 使用SSL客户端证书认证
Ident: 通过获取客户端的操作系统用户名，检查是否与被访问的数据库用户名匹配

来自 https://github.com/xfg0218/greenplum--summarize/tree/master/202009/greenplum%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E4%B8%8E%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%AF%E7%94%A8