Supervisor 是 Linux/Unix 操作系统上的进程管理工具。本文介绍了于 Ubuntu 18 上如何使用 Supervisor 开机启动、保活守护自己的服务进程。
安装
建议系统方式安装，可开机启动。
sudo apt install supervisor -ySystemd 查看服务状态：
$ sudo systemctl status supervisor
● supervisor.service - Supervisor process control system for UNIX
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/supervisor.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-06-08 18:00:00 CST; 4min 0s ago
Docs: http://supervisord.org
Main PID: 26297 (supervisord)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
CGroup: /system.slice/supervisor.service
└─26297 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -n -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 systemd[1]: Started Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 supervisord[26297]: 2021-06-08 18:00:00,422 CRIT Supervisor running as root (no user in config file)
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 supervisord[26297]: 2021-06-08 18:00:00,422 WARN No file matches via include "/etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf"
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 supervisord[26297]: 2021-06-08 18:00:00,428 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 supervisord[26297]: 2021-06-08 18:00:00,428 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checki
6月 08 18:00:00 john-ubuntu18 supervisord[26297]: 2021-06-08 18:00:00,428 INFO supervisord started with pid 26297- Loaded: 配置路径; 开机启动状态
- Active: 活动状态
- Main PID: 主进程 ID
- Tasks: 任务数量
- CGroup: 子进程树
Systemd 的服务配置：
$ cat /lib/systemd/system/supervisor.service
[Unit]
Description=Supervisor process control system for UNIX
Documentation=http://supervisord.org
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/supervisord -n -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
ExecStop=/usr/bin/supervisorctl $OPTIONS shutdown
ExecReload=/usr/bin/supervisorctl -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf $OPTIONS reload
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=50s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target如果 pip 安装 Supervisor，可如上添加 Systemd 服务配置：
pip install supervisor
# 添加配置
sudo -i
cat <<-EOF > /etc/systemd/system/supervisord.service
[Unit]
Description=Supervisor process control system for UNIX
Documentation=http://supervisord.org
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/home/john/anaconda3/bin/supervisord/supervisord -n -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
ExecStop=/home/john/anaconda3/bin/supervisord/supervisorctl $OPTIONS shutdown
ExecReload=/home/john/anaconda3/bin/supervisord/supervisorctl -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf $OPTIONS reload
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=50s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 重载配置
systemctl daemon-reload
# 开机启动
sudo systemctl enable supervisord.serviceSystemd 管理服务：
# 启用开机启动
sudo systemctl enable supervisor
# 关闭开机启动
sudo systemctl disable supervisor
# 启用服务
systemctl start supervisor
# 关闭服务
systemctl stop supervisor配置
查看配置
$ cat /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
; supervisor config file
[unix_http_server]
file=/var/run/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file)
chmod=0700 ; sockef file mode (default 0700)
[supervisord]
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
childlogdir=/var/log/supervisor ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC
; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf配置说明
$ echo_supervisord_conf
; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Notes:
; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
; - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file)
;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server))
;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface)
;username=user ; (default is no username (open server))
;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server))
[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB)
logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10)
loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace)
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false)
minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024)
minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200)
;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022)
;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root)
;identifier=supervisor ; (supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor')
;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start)
;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false)
;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
;environment=KEY="value" ; (key value pairs to add to environment)
;strip_ansi=false ; (strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false)
; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC
; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set
;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available
; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values,
; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.
;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The below sample eventlistener section shows all possible
; eventlistener subsection values, create one or more 'real'
; eventlistener: sections to be able to handle event notifications
; sent by supervisor.
;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The below sample group section shows all possible group values,
; create one or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous"
; process groups.
;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
;[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.ini- inet_http_server: Web 管理页面
添加配置
sudo -i
cat <<-EOF > /etc/supervisor/conf.d/http_server.conf
[program:HttpServer]
directory=/home/john
command=python3 -m http.server 9000 --bind 127.0.0.1
priority=999
autostart=true
autorestart=true
startsecs=10
startretries=3
stdout_logfile=/var/log/http_server_out.log
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB
stdout_logfile_backups=10
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB
stderr_logfile=/var/log/http_server_err.log
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB
stderr_logfile_backups=10
stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB
environment=
nocleanup=false
EOF更新配置
supervisorctl update all查看状态
# supervisorctl status all
HttpServer RUNNING pid 6826, uptime 0:00:15访问 http://127.0.0.1:9000/ 可打开 HttpServer 页面。
参考
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