1.更换镜像

(1)备份原来的源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakcup

(2)编辑sources.lists

sudo vim /etc/apt.sources.list

添加如下内容:

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse   

2.安装步骤

(1)卸载本地之前旧版的docker可使用如下命令:

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker-ce docker.io

(2)更新apt索引

sudo apt-get update

(3)安装以下包以使apt可以通过HTTPS使用存储库（repository）

sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

(4)添加Docker官方的GPG密钥

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

(5)使用下面的命令来设置stable存储库

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

(6)再次更新apt索引

sudo apt-get update

(7)列出可用版本

apt-cache madison docker-ce

(8)安装指定版本

sudo apt-get install docker-ce=18.03.0ce-0ubuntu

我在这里安装的版本是18.03.0版本

sudo apt-get install docker -ce 如果使用该命令的话，默认安装最新版本，当然在自定义测试或者学习可以使用该命令，但是在公司生产环境下最好指定版本进行安装。

(9)查看docker服务状态(是否启动)

systemctl status docker

如果没有启动可使用sudo systemctl start docker或者sudo service docker start命令进行启动

 (10)查看详细docker版本信息

docker version