AWS Cloudformation

Stella981
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我们可以在System Manager 的 Parameter Store里面定义一些参数，然后在我们的cloudformation 模板文件里面直接调用这些参数。

下面给两个例子进行说明。
例1. 通过 Parameter Store来传入参数。

来看看下面的模板文件，这是一个标准的模板文件，他会创建一个EC2实例和一个安全组。参数部分，我们定义了KeyName， InstanceType 和SSHLocation。作为对照，我们尝试把InstanceType这部分通过Parameter Store的参数替换。

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "2010-09-09",

  "Description" : "AWS CloudFormation Sample Template EC2InstanceWithSecurityGroupSample: Create an Amazon EC2 instance running the Amazon Linux AMI. The AMI is chosen based on the region in which the stack is run. This example creates an EC2 security group for the instance to give you SSH access. **WARNING** This template creates an Amazon EC2 instance. You will be billed for the AWS resources used if you create a stack from this template.",

  "Parameters" : {
    "KeyName": {
      "Description" : "Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instance",
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName",
      "ConstraintDescription" : "must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair."
    },

    "InstanceType" : {
      "Description" : "WebServer EC2 instance type",
      "Type" : "String",
      "Default" : "t2.small",
      "AllowedValues" : [ "t1.micro", "t2.nano", "t2.micro", "t2.small", "t2.medium", "t2.large", "m1.small", "m1.medium", "m1.large", "m1.xlarge", "m2.xlarge", "m2.2xlarge", "m2.4xlarge", "m3.medium", "m3.large", "m3.xlarge", "m3.2xlarge", "m4.large", "m4.xlarge", "m4.2xlarge", "m4.4xlarge", "m4.10xlarge", "c1.medium", "c1.xlarge", "c3.large", "c3.xlarge", "c3.2xlarge", "c3.4xlarge", "c3.8xlarge", "c4.large", "c4.xlarge", "c4.2xlarge", "c4.4xlarge", "c4.8xlarge", "g2.2xlarge", "g2.8xlarge", "r3.large", "r3.xlarge", "r3.2xlarge", "r3.4xlarge", "r3.8xlarge", "i2.xlarge", "i2.2xlarge", "i2.4xlarge", "i2.8xlarge", "d2.xlarge", "d2.2xlarge", "d2.4xlarge", "d2.8xlarge", "hi1.4xlarge", "hs1.8xlarge", "cr1.8xlarge", "cc2.8xlarge", "cg1.4xlarge"]
,
      "ConstraintDescription" : "must be a valid EC2 instance type."
    },

    "SSHLocation" : {
      "Description" : "The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances",
      "Type": "String",
      "MinLength": "9",
      "MaxLength": "18",
      "Default": "0.0.0.0/0",
      "AllowedPattern": "(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})/(\\d{1,2})",
      "ConstraintDescription": "must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x."
   }
  },

  "Mappings" : {
    "AWSInstanceType2Arch" : {
      "t1.micro"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "t2.nano"     : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "t2.micro"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "t2.small"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "t2.medium"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "t2.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m1.small"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m1.medium"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m1.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m1.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m3.medium"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m3.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m4.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m4.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m4.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m4.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "m4.10xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c1.medium"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c1.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c3.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c3.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c3.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c4.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c4.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c4.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c4.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "c4.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "g2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVMG2"  },
      "g2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVMG2"  },
      "r3.large"    : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "r3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "r3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "r3.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "r3.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "i2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "i2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "i2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "i2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "d2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "d2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "d2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "d2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "hi1.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "hs1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "cr1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  },
      "cc2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64"  }
    },

    "AWSInstanceType2NATArch" : {
      "t1.micro"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "t2.nano"     : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "t2.micro"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "t2.small"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "t2.medium"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "t2.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m1.small"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m1.medium"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m1.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m1.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m3.medium"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m3.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m4.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m4.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m4.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m4.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "m4.10xlarge" : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c1.medium"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c1.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c3.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c3.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c3.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c4.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c4.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c4.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c4.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "c4.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "g2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVMG2"  },
      "g2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVMG2"  },
      "r3.large"    : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "r3.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "r3.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "r3.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "r3.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "i2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "i2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "i2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "i2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "d2.xlarge"   : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "d2.2xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "d2.4xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "d2.8xlarge"  : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "hi1.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "hs1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "cr1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  },
      "cc2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "NATHVM64"  }
    }
,
    "AWSRegionArch2AMI" : {
      "us-east-1"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-0080e4c5bc078760e", "HVMG2" : "ami-0aeb704d503081ea6"},
      "us-west-2"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-01e24be29428c15b2", "HVMG2" : "ami-0fe84a5b4563d8f27"},
      "us-west-1"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-0ec6517f6edbf8044", "HVMG2" : "ami-0a7fc72dc0e51aa77"},
      "eu-west-1"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-08935252a36e25f85", "HVMG2" : "ami-0d5299b1c6112c3c7"},
      "eu-west-2"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-01419b804382064e4", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "eu-west-3"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-0dd7e7ed60da8fb83", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "eu-central-1"     : {"HVM64" : "ami-0cfbf4f6db41068ac", "HVMG2" : "ami-0aa1822e3eb913a11"},
      "eu-north-1"       : {"HVM64" : "ami-86fe70f8", "HVMG2" : "ami-32d55b4c"},
      "ap-northeast-1"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-00a5245b4816c38e6", "HVMG2" : "ami-09d0e0e099ecabba2"},
      "ap-northeast-2"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-00dc207f8ba6dc919", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "ap-northeast-3"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-0b65f69a5c11f3522", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "ap-southeast-1"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-05b3bcf7f311194b3", "HVMG2" : "ami-0e46ce0d6a87dc979"},
      "ap-southeast-2"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-02fd0b06f06d93dfc", "HVMG2" : "ami-0c0ab057a101d8ff2"},
      "ap-south-1"       : {"HVM64" : "ami-0ad42f4f66f6c1cc9", "HVMG2" : "ami-0244c1d42815af84a"},
      "us-east-2"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-0cd3dfa4e37921605", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "ca-central-1"     : {"HVM64" : "ami-07423fb63ea0a0930", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "sa-east-1"        : {"HVM64" : "ami-05145e0b28ad8e0b2", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "cn-north-1"       : {"HVM64" : "ami-053617c9d818c1189", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
      "cn-northwest-1"   : {"HVM64" : "ami-0f7937761741dc640", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"}
    }

  },

  "Resources" : {
    "EC2Instance" : {
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "Properties" : {
        "InstanceType" : { "Ref" : "InstanceType" },
        "SecurityGroups" : [ { "Ref" : "InstanceSecurityGroup" } ],
        "KeyName" : { "Ref" : "KeyName" },
        "ImageId" : { "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "AWSRegionArch2AMI", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" },
                          { "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "AWSInstanceType2Arch", { "Ref" : "InstanceType" }, "Arch" ] } ] }
      }
    },

    "InstanceSecurityGroup" : {
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
      "Properties" : {
        "GroupDescription" : "Enable SSH access via port 22",
        "SecurityGroupIngress" : [ {
          "IpProtocol" : "tcp",
          "FromPort" : "22",
          "ToPort" : "22",
          "CidrIp" : { "Ref" : "SSHLocation"}
        } ]
      }
    }
  },

  "Outputs" : {
    "InstanceId" : {
      "Description" : "InstanceId of the newly created EC2 instance",
      "Value" : { "Ref" : "EC2Instance" }
    },
    "AZ" : {
      "Description" : "Availability Zone of the newly created EC2 instance",
      "Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "EC2Instance", "AvailabilityZone" ] }
    },
    "PublicDNS" : {
      "Description" : "Public DNSName of the newly created EC2 instance",
      "Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "EC2Instance", "PublicDnsName" ] }
    },
    "PublicIP" : {
      "Description" : "Public IP address of the newly created EC2 instance",
      "Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "EC2Instance", "PublicIp" ] }
    }
  }
}

首先在AWS System Manager里面的Parameter Store里面创建两个参数

AWS Cloudformation

这两个参数都是string类型，devinstance 我定义为 t2.micro; prodinstance我定义为 t3.micro

AWS Cloudformation

然后我们可以在模板文件的parameters 部分，通过 "AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value" 这种方式来直接调用参数，这里我设置了一个默认值

AWS Cloudformation

执行看看

AWS Cloudformation

1分钟左右就创建好了

AWS Cloudformation

可以看见EC2的类型和我定义的参数是一致的

AWS Cloudformation

例2 在Resource部分调用Parameter Store的参数

同样的，我们做一个对照性的修改。这个是原始的模板，创建一个publicread 的S3 Bucket。ACL权限是写死的，我们把他改成parameter store的参数

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >-
  AWS CloudFormation Sample Template S3_Website_Bucket_With_Retain_On_Delete:
  Sample template showing how to create a publicly accessible S3 bucket
  configured for website access with a deletion policy of retail on delete.
  **WARNING** This template creates an S3 bucket that will NOT be deleted when
  the stack is deleted. You will be billed for the AWS resources used if you
  create a stack from this template.
Resources:
  S3Bucket:
    Type: 'AWS::S3::Bucket'
    Properties:
      AccessControl: PublicRead
      WebsiteConfiguration:
        IndexDocument: index.html
        ErrorDocument: error.html
    DeletionPolicy: Retain
Outputs:
  WebsiteURL:
    Value: !GetAtt 
      - S3Bucket
      - WebsiteURL
    Description: URL for website hosted on S3
  S3BucketSecureURL:
    Value: !Join 
      - ''
      - - 'https://'
        - !GetAtt 
          - S3Bucket
          - DomainName
    Description: Name of S3 bucket to hold website content

先定义一个参数

AWS Cloudformation

新的参数S3Access

AWS Cloudformation

然后在我们的模板文件里面，这次我们需要在Resource部分调用，这里需要使用另外一个方式调用 resolve:ssm:S3Access:1

AWS Cloudformation

执行看看
AWS Cloudformation

我们的S3 bucket的 Access 是PublicRead的，这和我们在Parameter Store里面配置的是一致的
AWS Cloudformation

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