介绍在Spring的框架下,做单元测试的两种办法。
一、使用spring中对Junit框架的整合功能
除了junit4和spring的jar包,还需要spring-test.jar。引入如下依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
@ContextConfiguration需要配上spring的配置文件,这样就可以在测试类中使用注解简单的注入需要的bean了。简单高效。
import com.zhisland.weizhan.common.configs.Contants;
import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.model.sendMsg.SendMsgLog;
import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.RedisCommonService;
import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.SendMsgService;
import com.zhisland.weizhan.mp.service.WmpUserService;
import com.zhisland.wz.model.WxAppConfig;
import com.zhisland.wz.service.MpWeixinApi;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:wmp-servlet.xml")
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = false)
public class RedisServiceImplTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {
private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(meetingTest.class);
@Autowired
private SendMsgService sendMsgService;
@Autowired
private MpWeixinApi mpWeixinApi;
@Autowired
private WmpUserService wmpUserService;
@Autowired
private Contants contants;
@Autowired
private RedisCommonService redisCommonService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
@Test
public void testGet() {
WxAppConfig wxAppConfig = mpWeixinApi.getWeixinAppConfigByAppId(contants.appId);
List<SendMsgLog> sendMsgLogList = sendMsgService.getWaittingLogListByMsgId(wxAppConfig.getId(), 4, 3, 0);
int first = sendMsgLogList.get(0).getId();
int last = sendMsgLogList.get(sendMsgLogList.size() - 1).getId();
LOGGER.info("first={},last={}", first, last);
// redisCommonService.set("wjt_subscribe_return_url_2","fff哈哈");
//// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.get("wjt_subscribe_return_url_2"));
// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.getString("wjt_subscribe_return_url_1"));
// System.out.println("get redis value="+redisCommonService.getString("wjt_subscribe_return_url_o8cvjt0Ua1fJDJ0iNwfvrBGi9sbc"));
}
}
二、手动加载spring的配置文件,并启动spring容器
public class ReadDaoImplTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
context.start();
ReadDao fqaService = (ReadDao) context.getBean("readDao");
System.out.println(fqaService);
}
}
三、详解
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.DirtiesContext;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.DirtiesContext.ClassMode;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.GenericXmlContextLoader;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.cgodo.mvc.service.Result;
import com.security.entity.SecurityPermission;
import com.security.model.AddSecurityPermissionModel;
import com.security.model.UpdateSecurityPermissionModel;
import com.security.service.SecurityPermissionI;
/**
*
* 权限服务层测试类
*/
//测试时需要的
@RunWith(value = SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //在使用所有注释前必须使用@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class),让测试运行于Spring测试环境
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:/com/security/resource/spring/context/application/applicationContext.xml"} , loader = GenericXmlContextLoader.class)//【@ContextConfiguration 用来指定加载的Spring配置文件的位置,会加载默认配置文件,
@ContextConfiguration 注解有以下两个常用的属性:locations:可以通过该属性手工指定 Spring 配置文件所在的位置,可以指定一个或多个 Spring 配置文件用,分开。如下所示: @ContextConfiguration(locations={“aa/aa.xml”,” aa/bb.xml”})
inheritLocations:是否要继承父测试用例类中的 Spring 配置文件,默认为 true。】
@DirtiesContext(classMode = ClassMode.AFTER_CLASS) //@DirtiesContext 在测试方法上出现这个注解时,表明底层Spring容器在该方法的执行中被“污染”,从而必须在方法执行结束后重新创建(无论该测试是否通过)。
@TransactionConfiguration( transactionManager = "transactionManager" , defaultRollback = false) //【@TransactionConfiguration 为配置事务性测试定义了类级别的元数据。PlatformTransactionManager默认的实例叫transactionManager, 如果需要的PlatformTransactionManager不是“transactionManager”的话,那么可以显式配置驱动事务的PlatformTransactionManager的bean的名字。此外, 可以将defaultRollback标志改为false,表示不回滚。通常, @TransactionConfiguration与@ContextConfiguration搭配使用。
@ContextConfiguration
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="transactionManager", defaultRollback=false)】
@Transactional //开启类级别的事物
public class TestSecurityPermissionService {
//注解生成SecurityPermissionI 的代理
@Autowired
SecurityPermissionI securityPermissionI;
/**
* 描述:初始化测试数据
* @throws InvocationTargetException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
*/
@Before
public void before() throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException{
//添加删除测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionDelete = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Delete");
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Delete");
securityPermissionDelete.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Delete");
Result<List
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelDelete = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelDelete, securityPermissionDelete);
if(resultDelete.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelDelete);
}
//添加删除测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionDeleteNot = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-DeleteNot");
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-DeleteNot");
securityPermissionDeleteNot.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-DeleteNot");
Result<List
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot, securityPermissionDeleteNot);
if(resultDeleteNot.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelDeleteNot);
}
//添加更新测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionUpdate = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Update");
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Update");
securityPermissionUpdate.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Update");
Result<List
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate, securityPermissionUpdate);
if(resultUpdate.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelUpdate);
}
//添加查询测试数据
SecurityPermission securityPermissionSelect = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Select");
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Select");
securityPermissionSelect.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Select");
Result<List
AddSecurityPermissionModel addSecurityPermissionModelSelect = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(addSecurityPermissionModelSelect, securityPermissionSelect);
if(resultSelect.getData() == null){
securityPermissionI.addPermission(addSecurityPermissionModelSelect);
}
}
//@Test 这个将不会被测试
public void Test(){
boolean bb = false;
Assert.assertFalse(bb);
}
@Rollback(true)//设置测试后回滚
@Transactional//为方法开启事物
@Test //标注要测试的方法,不添加@Test将不会进行测试
public void TestAddPermission(){
SecurityPermission securityPermission = new SecurityPermission();
securityPermission.setPermissionId("TEST_permissionId-Add");
securityPermission.setPermissionDescription("TEST_权限描述信息-Add");
securityPermission.setPermissionType("TEST_权限类型-Add");
AddSecurityPermissionModel model = new AddSecurityPermissionModel();
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(model, securityPermission);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//测试权限不存在的情况
Result isNotExists;
try {
isNotExists = securityPermissionI.addPermission(model);
Assert.assertTrue(isNotExists.isSuccess());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//测试权限已存在的情况
Result isExists;
try {
isExists = securityPermissionI.addPermission(model);
Assert.assertFalse(isExists.isSuccess());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}