springboot+jjwt+security完美解决restful接口无状态鉴权

微服务大行其道的现在，如果我们还在用wsdl之类的提供接口，给人的感觉就会很low，虽然说不能为了炫技而炫技，但是既然restful接口已经越来越流行，必然有它的道理。本文我们不讨论restful接口的好处，旨在解决使用restful时候的权限控制问题。

springboot本身已经提供了很好的spring security的支持，我们只需要实现（或者重写）一部分接口来实现我们的个性化设置即可。本文浅显易懂，没有深入原理（后面文章会将，有需要的小伙伴稍等等~~~）。思路： 1.通过spring security做授权拦截操作 2.通过jwt根据用户信息生成token以供后面调用 3.将生成的token放到HttpServletResponse头信息中 4.使用的时候从response头中获取token放在request头中提交到后台做认证即可 5.默认超时时间10天

一、pom

惯例还是先上pom，因为pom可以很直观的看到本项目用了哪些东西，我这个项目使用了很多的包，这里贴出了核心的几个，其他大部分的都会自动引用。

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、登录过滤器

我们采用倒推法，用到什么找什么，这也比较符合XP编程的思想，不写多（无）余（用）的代码，既然要做认证，很明显需要一个过滤器来处理所有需要拦截的请求。 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter是security自己提供的过滤器，我们重写其中的成功方法（successfulAuthentication）来处理我们自己的逻辑，当然根据自己的情况，比如登录失败处理，重写（unsuccessfulAuthentication）即可。 1.成功回调中用到一个TokenAuthenticationHandler，即token认证处理类，该类的主要方法就是借用jwt的机制来生成token，以供后面登录授权使用。 2.往response头信息中放入参数为“Authorization”，值为“Bearer ”+token的值

package com.mos.eboot.tools.jwt;
import com.mos.eboot.tools.util.FastJsonUtils;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class JWTLoginFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter{
static final String TOKEN_PREFIX = "Bearer";
static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization";
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler;
public JWTLoginFilter() {
}
public JWTLoginFilter(AuthenticationManager authManager) {
setAuthenticationManager(authManager);
}
@Override
protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain, Authentication auth) throws IOException, ServletException {
TokenAuthenticationHandler tokenAuthenticationHandler = new TokenAuthenticationHandler();
Object obj = auth.getPrincipal();
if(obj != null) {
UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails)obj;
String token = tokenAuthenticationHandler.generateToken(FastJsonUtils.toJSONNoConfig(userDetails));
res.addHeader(HEADER_STRING, TOKEN_PREFIX + " " + token);
}
if(successHandler != null) {
successHandler.onAuthenticationSuccess(req, res, auth);
}
}
public void setSuccessHandler(AuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler) {
this.successHandler = successHandler;
}
}

JWTAuthenticationToken

package com.mos.eboot.tools.jwt;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import static java.util.Collections.emptyList;
public class JWTAuthenticationToken extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public JWTAuthenticationToken(Object principal) {
super(principal,null,emptyList());
}
@Override
public Object getCredentials() {
return super.getCredentials();
}
@Override
public Object getPrincipal() {
return super.getPrincipal();
}
}

TokenAuthenticationHandler

package com.mos.eboot.tools.jwt;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author 小尘哥
*/
public class TokenAuthenticationHandler implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_CREATED = "created";
private static final String CLAIM_KEY_SUBJECT = "subject";
private static final String DEFAULT_SECRET = "eboot@secret";
private static final Long DEFAULT_EXPIRATION = 864000L;
private String secret = DEFAULT_SECRET;
private Long EXPIRATION = DEFAULT_EXPIRATION;
public TokenAuthenticationHandler() {
}
public String getSubjectFromToken(String token) {
String subject;
try {
final Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
subject = claims.get(CLAIM_KEY_SUBJECT).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
subject = null;
}
return subject;
}
private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
Claims claims;
try {
claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
} catch (Exception e) {
claims = null;
}
return claims;
}
private Date generateExpirationDate() {
return new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRATION * 1000);
}
public String generateToken(String subject) {
Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<String, Object>();
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_CREATED, new Date());
claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_SUBJECT, subject);
return generateToken(claims);
}
String generateToken( Map<String, Object> claims) {
return Jwts.builder().setClaims(claims).setExpiration(generateExpirationDate())
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret).compact();
}
}

三、认证

从头信息中取出Authorization，然后解析出个人信息，如果个人信息不为空，则将个人信息加密后再放入授权域。

package com.mos.eboot.tools.jwt;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
public class JWTAuthenticationFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization";
static final String TOKEN_PREFIX = "Bearer";
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request;
String token = req.getHeader(HEADER_STRING);
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(token) && token.startsWith(TOKEN_PREFIX)) {
TokenAuthenticationHandler tokenAuthenticationHandler = new TokenAuthenticationHandler();
String subject = tokenAuthenticationHandler.getSubjectFromToken(token.replace(TOKEN_PREFIX, ""));
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(subject)) {
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(new JWTAuthenticationToken(subject));
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
}
}

四、调用

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.csrf().disable().authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/**").authenticated()
.antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST, "/login").permitAll().anyRequest().permitAll().and()
.addFilterBefore(loginFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
.addFilterBefore(new JWTAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
//注入登录校验类
@Bean
public JWTLoginFilter loginFilter() throws Exception {
JWTLoginFilter loginFilter = new JWTLoginFilter(authenticationManager());
loginFilter.setSuccessHandler(loginAuthenticationSuccessHandler);
loginFilter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler((request, response, exception) -> {
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().write(FastJsonUtils
.toJSONString(new ResultModel(ResultStatus.FAIL.getCode(), exception.getMessage())));
});
return loginFilter;
}
@Bean
public DaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() {
DaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(userDetailsService());
authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
authenticationProvider.setHideUserNotFoundExceptions(false);
return authenticationProvider;
}
@Bean
@Override
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
return new UserService();
}
//重写密码加密方法
@Bean
public Md5PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
Md5PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder = new Md5PasswordEncoder();
passwordEncoder.setIterations(1);
return passwordEncoder;
}

实现UserDetailsService 接口，定义自己的获取用户登录方法实现类

package com.mos.eboot.api.config.support;
import com.mos.eboot.api.platform.api.ISysUserService;
import com.mos.eboot.platform.entity.SysUser;
import com.mos.eboot.tools.result.ResultModel;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author 小尘哥
*/
@Service("userService")
public class UserService implements IUserService {
@Resource
private ISysUserService sysUserService;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
return sysUserService.getByUsername(username);
}
}