RabbitMQ java Spring 开发教程

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RabbitMQ

安装RabitMQ

1：安装RabbitMQ需要先安装Erlang语言开发包。下载地址 http://www.erlang.org/download.html 在win7下安装Erlang最好默认安装。
配置环境变量 ERLANG_HOME C:\Program Files (x86)\erl5.9
添加到PATH %ERLANG_HOME%\bin;
2：安装RabbitMQ 下载地址 http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html 安装教程：http://www.rabbitmq.com/install-windows.html
配置环境变量 C:\Program Files (x86)\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-2.8.0
添加到PATH %RABBITMQ_SERVER%\sbin;
3：进入%RABBITMQ_SERVER%\sbin 目录以管理员身份运行 rabbitmq-plugins.bat
rabbitmq-plugins.bat enable rabbitmq_management
安装完成之后以管理员身份启动 rabbitmq-service.bat
rabbitmq-service.bat stop
rabbitmq-service.bat install
rabbitmq-service.bat start
4：浏览器访问localhost:15672 默认账号：guest 密码：guest

Java 开发RabitMQ

1.下载jar

http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-java-client/v3.5.4/rabbitmq-java-client-bin-3.5.4.zip

2.生产者

package com.rabbit;


import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

public class Send {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";  
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
        factory.setHost("localhost");  
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();  
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();  
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);  
        String message = "Hello World!";  
        channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());  
        System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");  
        channel.close();  
        connection.close();  
    }  
}

3.消费者

package com.rabbit;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;  
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;  
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;  
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;  
  
public class Reqv {  
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";  
  
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {  
  
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
        factory.setHost("localhost");  
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();  
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();  
  
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);  
        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");  
  
        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);  
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);  
  
        while (true) {  
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();  
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());  
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");  
        }  
    }  
}

Spring RabitMQ

  1. 先看一个帖子

1.首先是生产者配置

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>

< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:rabbit = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit

http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

<!-- 连接服务配置  -->

< rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  host = "localhost"  username = "guest"

password = "guest"  port = "5672"   />

< rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory" />

<!-- queue 队列声明-->

< rabbit:queue  id = "queue_one"  durable = "true"  auto-delete = "false"  exclusive = "false"  name = "queue_one" />

<!-- exchange queue binging key 绑定 -->

< rabbit:direct-exchange  name = "my-mq-exchange"  durable = "true"  auto-delete = "false"  id = "my-mq-exchange" >

< rabbit:bindings >

< rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_one"  key = "queue_one_key" />

</ rabbit:bindings >

</ rabbit:direct-exchange >

<-- spring amqp默认的是jackson 的一个插件,目的将生产者生产的数据转换为json存入消息队列，由于fastjson的速度快于jackson,这里替换为fastjson的一个实现 -->

< bean  id = "jsonMessageConverter"   class = "mq.convert.FastJsonMessageConverter" ></ bean >

<-- spring template声明-->

< rabbit:template  exchange = "my-mq-exchange"  id = "amqpTemplate"   connection-factory = "connectionFactory"   message-converter = "jsonMessageConverter" />

</ beans >

2.fastjson messageconver插件实现

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import  org.apache.commons.logging.Log;

import  org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import  org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;

import  org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;

import  org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.AbstractMessageConverter;

import  org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException;

import  fe.json.FastJson;

public  class  FastJsonMessageConverter   extends  AbstractMessageConverter {

private  static  Log log = LogFactory.getLog(FastJsonMessageConverter. class );

public  static  final  String DEFAULT_CHARSET =  "UTF-8" ;

private  volatile  String defaultCharset = DEFAULT_CHARSET;

public  FastJsonMessageConverter() {

super ();

//init();

}

public  void  setDefaultCharset(String defaultCharset) {

this .defaultCharset = (defaultCharset !=  null ) ? defaultCharset

: DEFAULT_CHARSET;

}

public  Object fromMessage(Message message)

throws  MessageConversionException {

return  null ;

}

public  <T> T fromMessage(Message message,T t) {

String json =  "" ;

try  {

json =  new  String(message.getBody(),defaultCharset);

}  catch  (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return  (T) FastJson.fromJson(json, t.getClass());

}

protected  Message createMessage(Object objectToConvert,

MessageProperties messageProperties)

throws  MessageConversionException {

byte [] bytes =  null ;

try  {

String jsonString = FastJson.toJson(objectToConvert);

bytes = jsonString.getBytes( this .defaultCharset);

}  catch  (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

throw  new  MessageConversionException(

"Failed to convert Message content" , e);

}

messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON);

messageProperties.setContentEncoding( this .defaultCharset);

if  (bytes !=  null ) {

messageProperties.setContentLength(bytes.length);

}

return  new  Message(bytes, messageProperties);

}

}

3.生产者端调用

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import  java.util.List;

import  org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;

public  class  MyMqGatway {

@Autowired

private  AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

public  void  sendDataToCrQueue(Object obj) {

amqpTemplate.convertAndSend( "queue_one_key" , obj);

}

}

4.消费者端配置(与生产者端大同小异)

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>

< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:rabbit = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit

http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

<!-- 连接服务配置  -->

< rabbit:connection-factory  id = "connectionFactory"  host = "localhost"  username = "guest"

password = "guest"  port = "5672"   />

< rabbit:admin  connection-factory = "connectionFactory" />

<!-- queue 队列声明-->

< rabbit:queue  id = "queue_one"  durable = "true"  auto-delete = "false"  exclusive = "false"  name = "queue_one" />

<!-- exchange queue binging key 绑定 -->

< rabbit:direct-exchange  name = "my-mq-exchange"  durable = "true"  auto-delete = "false"  id = "my-mq-exchange" >

< rabbit:bindings >

< rabbit:binding  queue = "queue_one"  key = "queue_one_key" />

</ rabbit:bindings >

</ rabbit:direct-exchange >

<!-- queue litener  观察 监听模式 当有消息到达时会通知监听在对应的队列上的监听对象-->

< rabbit:listener-container  connection-factory = "connectionFactory"  acknowledge = "auto"  task-executor = "taskExecutor" >

< rabbit:listener  queues = "queue_one"  ref = "queueOneLitener" />

</ rabbit:listener-container >

</ beans >

5.消费者端调用

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import  org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;

import  org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;

public  class  QueueOneLitener  implements   MessageListener{

@Override

public  void  onMessage(Message message) {

System.out.println( " data :"  + message.getBody());

}

}

6.由于消费端当队列有数据到达时，对应监听的对象就会被通知到，无法做到批量获取，批量入库，因此可以在消费端缓存一个临时队列，将mq取出来的数据存入本地队列，后台线程定时批量处理即可

网上的这篇帖子,将路由设置成了direct,这样子保证了一对一的读取和发布,对于路由的exchange请参照这里的说明:http://melin.iteye.com/blog/691265

要特别注意的是,queue队列,其实只是在xml中的配置,并没有实际的意义,读取的时候使用的键值其实就是key,在发送的时候 conv``ertAndSend(``"queue_one_key"``, obj),就是键值,不要混淆了

  1. 下面介绍我在项目中的应用,这里还可以实现如果有异常,实现了自动重发功能

1、生产者

app.xml配置,将其引入到spring.xml中即可

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">

    <!-- 连接服务配置  -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" 
        host="${rabbitmq.host}" port="${rabbitmq.port}" 
        username="${rabbitmq.username}" password="${rabbitmq.password}"/>  
      
      <!-- 创建rabbitAdmin 代理类 -->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />  
    
    <!-- 创建rabbitTemplate 消息模板类 --> 
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate"  connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    
</beans>

发送数据

package com.zefun.web.service;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.zefun.common.consts.App;

/**
 * 消息队列服务类
* @author 
* @date Aug 24, 2015 3:51:04 PM 
*/
@Service
public class RabbitService {
    /** 日志对象 */
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RabbitService.class);

    /** rabbit队列模版方法 */
    @Autowired()
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
    /**
     * 发送优惠券队列
    * @author 高国藩
    * @date 2015年9月16日 上午11:34:12
    * @param map 参数
     */
    public void sendCoupons(Map<String, Object> map) {
        //App.Queue.SEND_COUPONS 就是对应key值,在消费的时候使用该值
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(App.Queue.SEND_COUPONS, map);
    }
}

1、消费者

app.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

    <!-- 连接服务配置 -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
        host="${rabbitmq.host}" port="${rabbitmq.port}" username="${rabbitmq.username}"
        password="${rabbitmq.password}" channel-cache-size="${rabbitmq.channel.cache.size}" />

    <!-- 创建rabbitAdmin 代理类 -->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
    
   <rabbit:queue id="queue_member_service_coupon" name="${rabbitmq.wechat.template.notice.coupon}" durable="true"
        auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" />

    <!--路由设置 将队列绑定，属于direct类型 -->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange id="directExchange"
        name="directExchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="queue_member_service_coupon" key="${rabbitmq.wechat.template.notice.coupon}" />
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>
    
    <bean id="ackManual"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.FieldRetrievingFactoryBean">
        <property name="staticField"
            value="org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL" />
    </bean>


    <!-- 优惠券发送通知 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
        <property name="acknowledgeMode" ref="ackManual" />
        <property name="queueNames" value="${rabbitmq.wechat.template.notice.coupon}" />
        <property name="messageListener">
            <bean class="com.zefun.wechat.listener.MemberTranscationNoitceCoupon" />
        </property>
        <property name="concurrentConsumers" value="${rabbitmq.concurrentConsumers}" />
        <property name="adviceChain">
            <bean
                class="org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.StatelessRetryOperationsInterceptorFactoryBean">
                <property name="messageRecoverer">
                    <bean class="com.zefun.wechat.utils.MQRepublishMessageRecoverer"/>
                </property>
                <property name="retryOperations">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate">
                        <property name="backOffPolicy">
                            <bean
                                class="org.springframework.retry.backoff.ExponentialBackOffPolicy">
                                <property name="initialInterval" value="500" />
                                <property name="multiplier" value="10.0" />
                                <property name="maxInterval" value="10000" />
                            </bean>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property>
        <property name="errorHandler">
            <bean class="com.zefun.wechat.utils.MQErrorHandler"/>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="msgConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />

    <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    
</beans>

消费类

package com.zefun.wechat.listener;

import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.zefun.wechat.service.RedisService;
import com.zefun.wechat.utils.App;
import com.zefun.wechat.utils.HttpClientUtil;


public class MemberTranscationNoitceCoupon implements ChannelAwareMessageListener{
    
    @Autowired
    private MessageConverter msgConverter;
    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(EmployeeServiceNoticeListener.class);
    
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {

        Object obj = null;
        try {
            obj = msgConverter.fromMessage(message);
        } catch (MessageConversionException e) {
            logger.error("convert MQ message error.", e);
        } finally {
            long deliveryTag = message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag();
            if (deliveryTag != App.DELIVERIED_TAG) {
                channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
                message.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryTag(App.DELIVERIED_TAG);
                logger.info("revice and ack msg: " + (obj == null ? message : new String((byte[]) obj)));
            }
        }
        if (obj == null) {
            return;
        }
        Map<?, ?> map = (Map<?, ?>) obj;
        HttpClientUtil.sendPost(getTemplSendUrl(map.get("storeId").toString()), JSONObject.fromObject(map).toString(), null);
        boolean flag = false;
        if (!flag) {
            logger.error("hanler message " + obj + " failed, throw a exception, and it will be retried.");
            throw new RuntimeException("hanler message " + obj + " failed.");//如果此处抛出了异常,那么在消息转换类中会接受到,触发重新加入队列中的时间
        }
    }

    private String getTemplSendUrl(String storeId) {
        String accessToken = redisService.hget(App.Redis.STORE_WECHAT_ACCESS_TOKEN_KEY_HASH, storeId);
        return "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + "HwqNKfoP287p4ddayRVX0PN1-8GFukq776MmwQqaL4OI2oEb4WGzclCaPgQIZZd4I42Xo-beX4XrW5Og3NblI_Auf5dGj1hdPrBuhz5OYHE";
    }
}

消息转换类

package com.zefun.wechat.utils;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.retry.MessageRecoverer;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class MQRepublishMessageRecoverer implements MessageRecoverer {
    
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(MQRepublishMessageRecoverer.class);

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
    @Autowired
    private MessageConverter msgConverter;

    @Override
    public void recover(Message message, Throwable cause) {
        Map<String, Object> headers = message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders();
        headers.put("x-exception-stacktrace", getStackTraceAsString(cause));
        headers.put("x-exception-message", cause.getCause() != null ? cause.getCause().getMessage() : cause.getMessage());
        headers.put("x-original-exchange", message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange());
        headers.put("x-original-routingKey", message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey());
        //重新将数据放回队列中
        this.rabbitTemplate.send(message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(), message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(), message);
        logger.error("handler msg (" + msgConverter.fromMessage(message) + ") err, republish to mq.", cause);
    }

    private String getStackTraceAsString(Throwable cause) {
        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter, true);
        cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
        return stringWriter.getBuffer().toString();
    }
}



package com.zefun.wechat.utils;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.commons.lang.reflect.FieldUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.util.ErrorHandler;

import com.zefun.wechat.service.RedisService;

public class MQErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(MQErrorHandler.class);

    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;
    @Autowired
    private MessageConverter msgConverter;

    @Override
    public void handleError(Throwable cause) {
        Field mqMsgField = FieldUtils.getField(MQListenerExecutionFailedException.class, "mqMsg", true);
        if (mqMsgField != null) {
            try {
                Message mqMsg = (Message) mqMsgField.get(cause);
                Object msgObj = msgConverter.fromMessage(mqMsg);
                logger.error("handle MQ msg: " + msgObj + " failed, record it to redis.", cause);
                redisService.zadd(App.MsgErr.MQ_MSG_ERR_RECORD_KEY, new Double(new Date().getTime()), msgObj.toString());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else {
            logger.error("An error occurred.", cause);
        }
    }

}



package com.zefun.wechat.utils;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.ListenerExecutionFailedException;

public class MQListenerExecutionFailedException extends
        ListenerExecutionFailedException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Message mqMsg;

    public MQListenerExecutionFailedException(String msg, Throwable cause) {
        super(msg, cause);
    }

    public MQListenerExecutionFailedException(String msg, Message mqMsg, Throwable cause) {
        this(msg, cause);
        this.mqMsg = mqMsg;
    }

    public Message getMqMsg() {
        return mqMsg;
    }

}



package com.zefun.wechat.utils;

import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.retry.RejectAndDontRequeueRecoverer;

public class MQRejectAndDontRequeueRecoverer extends
        RejectAndDontRequeueRecoverer {

    @Override
    public void recover(Message message, Throwable cause) {
        throw new MQListenerExecutionFailedException("Retry Policy Exhausted", message,
                new AmqpRejectAndDontRequeueException(cause));
    }

}

properties内容

rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=guest
rabbitmq.password=guest
rabbitmq.concurrentConsumers=5
rabbitmq.channel.cache.size=50
rabbitmq.wechat.template.notice.coupon=queue_member_service_coupon

maven

<!-- springmvc rabbitmq -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-amqp</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

本案例下载

http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014201191/9113775

http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014201191/9341163

rabbitmq消息队列schemaexchangeJavaJava
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