Boss->Socket
此教程纯属Socket初级应用篇,因为网上全是理论篇(实践才是王道)
1级->Client创建
首先创建一个C#命令行工程(别告诉这个不会)
创建Socket实例,别忘了引用System.Net和System.Net.Sockets
Socket client = new Socket(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); // TCP链接
设置要链接的服务器ip地址,IPAddress是C#提供的ip封装类
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); // 本地地址127.0.0.1(别说你不知道)
设置要链接的服务器ip和端口,IPEndPoint是C#提供的ip和端口的封装类
IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, 2333); // 端口为2333,ip为上一段代码的ip
链接
client.Connect(point); // client.Connect("127.0.0.1", 2333); // 等同于3,4
开启线程接收服务器消息,别忘了引用System.Threading
Thread thread = new Thread(Recive); thread.IsBackground = true; // 后台执行线程 thread.Start(client); // 传入客户端的Socket // Recive函数 static void Recive(object o) { var client = o as Socket; while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; int effective = client.Receive(buffer); //二进制数据存储在buffer中,数据长度为effective if (effective == 0) { break; } var str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, effective); // 将二进制数据转换为UTF8格式的String Console.WriteLine(str); } }
发送自定义数据给服务器
while (true) { string s = Console.ReadLine(); byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(s); // 将数据转换为ASCII编码的二进制数组形式 socketClient.Send(buffer); // 发送消息 Console.WriteLine("Send Message"); }
client完整代码
using System; using System.IO; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading;
namespace SocketTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Socket client = new Socket(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, 2333); client.Connect("127.0.0.1", 2333); Thread thread = new Thread(Recive); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(client); while (true) { string s = Console.ReadLine(); byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(s); client.Send(buffer); Console.WriteLine("Send Message"); } } static void Recive(object o) { var client = o as Socket; while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; var effective = client.Receive(buffer); if (effective == 0) { break; } var str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, effective); Console.WriteLine(str); } } } }
2级->Server创建
首先创建一个C#命令行工程(别告诉这个不会)
创建Socket实例(同client)
设置服务器的ip地址
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, 2333); server.Bind(point);
设置服务器的最大监听数
server.Listen(10);
开启线程接收客户端连接和数据(※注意是连接)
Thread thread = new Thread(Listen); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(serverSocket); // Listen函数,等待客户端连接 static void Listen(object o) { var serverSocket = o as Socket; while (true) { client = serverSocket.Accept(); // 等待客户端连接,返回客户端的Socket,之前的10限制就是在这里,最多有10个客户端可以建立连接 var sendIpoint = client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(); // 客户端的ip和端口 Console.WriteLine($"{sendIpoint}Connection"); // 连接成功则开启一个接收线程接收客户端发来的消息 Thread thread = new Thread(Recive); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(client); } } // Recive函数,同客户端
server完整代码
using System; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading;
namespace SocketServer { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Socket server = new Socket(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, 2333); server.Bind(point); server.Listen(10); Thread thread = new Thread(Listen); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(server); Console.Read(); } static void Listen(object o) { var server = o as Socket; while (true) { client = server.Accept(); var clientIpoint = client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(); Console.WriteLine($"{clientIpoint}Connection"); Thread thread = new Thread(Recive); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(client); } } static void Recive(object o) { var client = o as Socket; while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; var effective = client.Receive(buffer); if (effective == 0) { break; } var str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, effective); Console.WriteLine(str); } } } }
Boss->ProtoBuf
如果我们要用ProtoBuf用在C#中就得集齐各种神器
- ProtoBuf源码:其中有C#的示例代码
- ProtoBuf编译器:编译
.proto
文件 - ProtoBuf的C#工具集(你可能会需要下载nuget):提供工程中的dll引用文件
- ProtoBuf官方教程(蜜汁上网)
1级->编写proto文件
都说ProtoBuf不依赖于任何语言是一个跨语言的神器,然而他的语言格式是scheme(Lisp的方言),并且编译器就是把.proto
文件翻译成各个不同语言的编译器。
proto文件示例(教程中示例的文件)
// [START declaration]
syntax = "proto3";
package tutorial;
import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
// [END declaration]
// [START java_declaration]
option java_package = "com.example.tutorial";
option java_outer_classname = "AddressBookProtos";
// [END java_declaration]
// [START csharp_declaration]
option csharp_namespace = "Google.Protobuf.Examples.AddressBook";
// [END csharp_declaration]
// [START messages]
message Person {
string name = 1;
int32 id = 2; // Unique ID number for this person.
string email = 3;
enum PhoneType {
MOBILE = 0;
HOME = 1;
WORK = 2;
}
message PhoneNumber {
string number = 1;
PhoneType type = 2;
}
repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;
google.protobuf.Timestamp last_updated = 5;
}
// Our address book file is just one of these.
message AddressBook {
repeated Person people = 1;
}
// [END messages]
2级->编译proto文件
将上面的文件用proto.exe编译
格式:proto -I=当前目录 -out_csharp=当前目录 目录/文件名.扩展名
例:
文件名为:address.proto
目录为:D:/Work下
proto -I=D:/Work -out_csharp=D:/Work D:/Wrok/address.proto
编译完后会生成一个.cs
文件,文件很长我就不展示了
3级->nuget下载dll
nuget install Google.Protobuf -Version 3.8.0 // 版本随意
下载下来找到dll
Google.Protobuf.3.8.0/bin/net45/Google.Protobuf.dll
引用到客户端和服务器中,然后把生成的.cs
文件也复制到项目中
4级->编写序列化和反序列化代码
在客户端和服务器的Program(上面的代码)中加入序列化和反序列化的函数,需要引用Google.Protobuf、Google.Protobuf.Examples.AddressBook和static Google.Protobuf.Examples.AddressBook.Person.Types(C#6 才支持)
public static byte[] Serialize<T>(T obj) where T : IMessage
{
return obj.ToByteArray();
}
public static T Deserialize<T>(byte[] data) where T : class, IMessage, new()
{
T obj = new T();
IMessage message = obj.Descriptor.Parser.ParseFrom(data);
return message as T;
}
注释:
- 可以看到由
.proto
转换成.cs
的文件的父接口为IMessage - ToByteArray()是protoBuf自带的类转二进制的函数(所谓的序列化)
- obj.Descriptor.Parser.ParseFrom是是protoBuf自带的二进制转类的函数(所谓的反序列化)
知道这些之后就可以传输二进制数据啦,所以我们的客户端代码的发送数据部分改为
// 建立数据
Person john = new Person
{
Id = 1234,
Name = "John Doe",
Email = "jdoe@example.com",
Phones = { new PhoneNumber { Number = "555-4321", Type = PhoneType.Home } }
};
var message = Serialize(john); // 得到byte[]的message
while (true)
{
string s = Console.ReadLine();
socketClient.Send(message); // 直接传输message
Console.WriteLine("Send Message");
}
服务端的接受部分改一下,这部分注意反序列化素组的长度必须和序列化后的一致,所以这边新建了一个正确长度的b2数组把数据复制过去
static void Recive(object o)
{
var send = o as Socket;
while (true)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];
var effective = send.Receive(buffer);
byte[] b2 = new byte[effective];
Array.Copy(buffer, 0, b2, 0, effective); // 把数据拷贝给b2
if (effective == 0)
{
break;
}
var message = Deserialize<Person>(b2); // 解析时候必须为正确的长度
Console.WriteLine("ID = {0}", message.Id);
Console.WriteLine("Name = {0}", message.Name);
Console.WriteLine("Email = {0}", message.Email);
Console.WriteLine("Phone Number = {0}", message.Phones[0].Number);
Console.WriteLine("Phone Type = {0}", message.Phones[0].Type);
}
}
完结撒花~