golang包循环引用的几种解决方案
发表于2020年11月2日2020年11月3日 作者 libuba
一、前言
golang为了加速编译，不允许包循环引用。通常来说，只要你的包规划得好，严格规范单向调用链（如控制层->业务层->数据层），一般不会出现包循环引用问题。当然现实业务往往不会这么理想，同层级之间的不同包经常需要互相引用，下面我就分享几种解决包循环引用的方案。
二、新建公共接口包（父包），将需要循环调用的函数或方法抽象为接口
- package_i
package package\_i
type PackageAInterface interface {
PrintA()
}
type PackageBInterface interface {
PrintB()
}- package_a
package package\_a
import (
"cycle/package\_i"
"fmt"
)
type PackageA struct {
B package\_i.PackageBInterface
}
func (a PackageA) PrintA() {
fmt.Println("I'm a!")
}
func (a PackageA) PrintAll() {
a.PrintA()
a.B.PrintB()
}- package_b
package package\_b
import (
"cycle/package\_i"
"fmt"
)
type PackageB struct {
A package\_i.PackageAInterface
}
func (b PackageB) PrintB() {
fmt.Println("I'm b!")
}
func (b PackageB) PrintAll() {
b.PrintB()
b.A.PrintA()
}- main
package main
import (
"cycle/package\_a"
"cycle/package\_b"
)
func main() {
a := new(package\_a.PackageA)
b := new(package\_b.PackageB)
a.B \= b
b.A \= a
a.PrintAll()
b.PrintAll()
}三、新建公共组合包（子包），在组合包中组合调用
- package_c
package package\_c
import (
"cycle/package\_a"
"cycle/package\_b"
)
type CombileAB struct {
A \*package\_a.PackageA
B \*package\_b.PackageB
}
func (c CombileAB) PrintAll() {
c.A.PrintA()
c.B.PrintB()
}- main
package main
import (
"cycle/package\_a"
"cycle/package\_b"
"cycle/package\_c"
)
func main() {
a := new(package\_a.PackageA)
b := new(package\_b.PackageB)
c := new(package\_c.CombileAB)
c.A \= a
c.B \= b
c.PrintAll()
}四、全局存储需要相互依赖的函数，通过关键字进行调用
- callback_mgr
package callback\_mgr
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
)
var callBackMap map\[string\]interface{}
func init() {
callBackMap \= make(map\[string\]interface{})
}
func RegisterCallBack(key string, callBack interface{}) {
callBackMap\[key\] \= callBack
}
func CallBackFunc(key string, args ...interface{}) \[\]interface{} {
if callBack, ok := callBackMap\[key\]; ok {
in := make(\[\]reflect.Value, len(args))
for i, arg := range args {
in\[i\] \= reflect.ValueOf(arg)
}
outList := reflect.ValueOf(callBack).Call(in)
result := make(\[\]interface{}, len(outList))
for i, out := range outList {
result\[i\] \= out.Interface()
}
return result
} else {
panic(fmt.Errorf("callBack(%s) not found", key))
}
}- package_a
package package\_a
import (
"cycle/callback\_mgr"
"fmt"
)
func init() {
callback\_mgr.RegisterCallBack("getA", new(PackageA).GetA)
}
type PackageA struct {
}
func (a PackageA) GetA() string {
return "I'm a!"
}
func (a PackageA) PrintAll() {
fmt.Println(a.GetA())
fmt.Println(callback\_mgr.CallBackFunc("getB")\[0\].(string))
}- package_b
package package\_b
import (
"cycle/callback\_mgr"
"fmt"
)
func init() {
callback\_mgr.RegisterCallBack("getB", new(PackageB).GetB)
}
type PackageB struct {
}
func (b PackageB) GetB() string {
return "I'm b!"
}
func (b PackageB) PrintAll() {
fmt.Println(b.GetB())
fmt.Println(callback\_mgr.CallBackFunc("getA")\[0\].(string))
}- main
package main
import (
"cycle/package\_a"
"cycle/package\_b"
)
func main() {
a := new(package\_a.PackageA)
b := new(package\_b.PackageB)
a.PrintAll()
b.PrintAll()
}五、不需要回调结果的可以通过事件总线（eventBus）解耦
- eventBus
package eventBus
import (
"github.com/asaskevich/EventBus"
)
var globalEventBus EventBus.Bus
func init() {
globalEventBus \= EventBus.New()
}
func Subscribe(topic string, fn interface{}) error {
return globalEventBus.Subscribe(topic, fn)
}
func SubscribeAsync(topic string, fn interface{}, transactional bool) error {
return globalEventBus.SubscribeAsync(topic, fn, transactional)
}
func Publish(topic string, args ...interface{}) {
globalEventBus.Publish(topic, args...)
}- package_a
package package\_a
import (
"cycle/eventBus"
"fmt"
)
func init() {
eventBus.Subscribe("PrintA", new(PackageA).PrintA)
}
type PackageA struct {
}
func (a PackageA) PrintA() {
fmt.Println("I'm a!")
}
func (a PackageA) PrintAll() {
a.PrintA()
eventBus.Publish("PrintB")
}- package_b
package package\_b
import (
"cycle/eventBus"
"fmt"
)
func init() {
eventBus.Subscribe("PrintB", new(PackageB).PrintB)
}
type PackageB struct {
}
func (b PackageB) PrintB() {
fmt.Println("I'm b!")
}
func (b PackageB) PrintAll() {
b.PrintB()
eventBus.Publish("PrintA")
}分类： golang随笔
标签： go
本文转自 https://libuba.com/2020/11/02/golang%E5%8C%85%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E7%A7%8D%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88/，如有侵权，请联系删除。
