Oracle Database 12c Installation on CentOS 7

Contents

1. Introduction

This guide presents how to deploy Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.2.0) on CentOS 7.1 (64-bit) using quick installation features.

Reference System:

[root@centos7 ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: centos7.example.com Icon name: computer Chassis: n/a Machine ID: 583b4d69eaea465ea4bb96ac3b891e15 Boot ID: 931ed1af622046ebbde071a87844a7d5 Virtualization: kvm Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-229.11.1.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86_64

2. Prerequisites

After a successful OS installation, verify the hostname and register it in your DNS. Alternatively add your hostname/IP to the /etc/hosts.

[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/hostname centos7.example.com

Leave the SELinux in enforcing mode as well as the firewall enabled

[root@centos7 ~]# sestatus SELinux status: enabled SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux Loaded policy name: targeted Current mode: enforcing Mode from config file: enforcing Policy MLS status: enabled Policy deny_unknown status: allowed Max kernel policy version: 28

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --state running

Update the CentOS system with the latest packages

[root@centos7 ~]# yum update -y

Download the Oracle Database 12c for Linux x86-64 software:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

3. Installation Steps

Create required OS users and groups for Oracle Database.

[root@centos7 ~]# groupadd oinstall [root@centos7 ~]# groupadd dba [root@centos7 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle [root@centos7 ~]# passwd oracle

Add the following kernel parameters to the /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 1987162112 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Check and apply the new values.

[root@centos7 ~]# sysctl -p [root@centos7 ~]# sysctl -a

Specify limits for oracle user in the /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536

Extract the zipped Oracle Database Software archives (linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip, linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip) to the /stage folder.

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y zip unzip [root@centos7 ~]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip -d /stage/ [root@centos7 ~]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip -d /stage/

Modify permissions on /stage

[root@centos7 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /stage/

Create /u01 directory for Oracle software and /u02 for database files.

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /u01 [root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /u02 [root@centos7 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 [root@centos7 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02 [root@centos7 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01 [root@centos7 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u02 [root@centos7 ~]# chmod g+s /u01 [root@centos7 ~]# chmod g+s /u02

Install required packages:

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 \ glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh compat-libstdc++-33 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 \ libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 \ libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64 make.x86_64 sysstat.x86_64

Also install the "X Window System" package group.

[root@centos7 ~]# yum groupinstall -y "X Window System"

Because the Oracle installation requires GUI, there are two simple ways how to provide it.

Solution 1.

ssh -X oracle@centos7.example.com

Solution 2.

Use a Microsoft Windows desktop with an SSH Client (PuTTY) and an X-Windows terminal emulator (Xming).

The following article describes how to install Xming on Windows systems.

* Xming X-Windows terminal emulator for Microsoft Windows computers

Use a solution above to login as "oracle" user and run the Oracle Installer:

[oracle@centos7 ~]$ /stage/database/runInstaller Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

4. Oracle Installer Screens

STEP 1 - Security Updates

If you don't wish to receive emails from Oracle Support then deselect the check box and click Next.

Another window opens click YES on it.

STEP 2 - Installation Option

Select Create and configure a database and click Next

STEP 3 - System Class

Select Desktop Class for a simple default installation of the Oracle Database.

STEP 4 - Typical Installation

On the Typical Install Configuration screen, specify the key features.

Oracle base

/u01/app/oracle

Software location

/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1

Database file location

/u02

Global database name

orcl.example.com

Also specify the suitable Database edition as well as the Character set. Provide a strong password for database administration and finally deselect the Create as Container database option.

STEP 5 - Create Inventory

Accept the default /u01/app/oraInventory and click Next.

STEP 6 - Prerequisite Checks

The Installer automatically verifies all required OS packages and OS kernel settings.

STEP 7 - Summary

Final chance to edit any installation features. Click Install.

STEP 8 - Execute Configuration Scripts

When a request window appears, login as root and execute two scripts:

[root@centos7 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete.

[root@centos7 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Performing root user operation. The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1 Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. You can follow the installation in a separated window.

Both scripts must run as root.

STEP 9 - Installation progress

Another window opens to show you the installation progress. Do not close this window.

STEP 10 - Installation completed successfully

The last screen inform that the installation is done and displays the Oracle Enterprise Manager URL.

https://localhost:5500/em

Click OK to close the Installer.

5. Post Installation Tasks

5.1. Firewall

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones public interfaces: eth0

Open the related ports

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --add-port=5500/tcp --add-port=5520/tcp --add-port=3938/tcp \ --permanent success

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports 1521/tcp 3938/tcp 5500/tcp 5520/tcp

5.2. Oracle Environment

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Reload the bash_profile to apply the new settings:

[oracle@centos7 ~]$ . .bash_profile

Finally login to the database:

[oracle@centos7 ~]$ sqlplus system@orcl ... output omitted ... Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL>

Manage database with Oracle Enterprise Manager:

https://:5500/em