做自动化时需要从excel读取数据； 本文实现将excel文件数据读取为json格式，方便自动化调用
读取xls文件
使用xlrd读取xls文件代码：
import xlrd
def read_xls(file):
# 实例化excel
book = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
# 下标读取sheet
sheet = book.sheet_by_index(1)
# sheet name读取sheet
# sheet = book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
# 获取总行数
nrows = sheet.nrows
# 循环读取每行数据
datas = []
for i in range(1, nrows):
# print(sheet.row_values(i))
# 数据组装dic+t格式
data = dict(zip(sheet.row_values(0), sheet.row_values(i)))
datas.append(data)
return datas读取xlsx文件
因为xlrd只能读取xls，如遇到xlsx文件，需要使用openpyxl库读取，代码如下：
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def read_xlsx(file):
# 加载文件
book = load_workbook(file)
# sheet name获取sheet：
sheet = book['sheet1']
# 获取总行数
rows = sheet.max_row
# 获取总列数
# cols = sheet.max_column
# print(rows)
# 获取表头
head = [row for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=1, values_only=True)][0]
# 数据组装
datas = []
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=rows + 1, values_only=True):
data = dict(zip(head, row))
datas.append(data)
# print(datas)
return datas判断文件类型方法
最后根据文件后缀自动选择对应方法读取
def read_excel(file: str):
if file.endswith('xls'):
data = read_xls(file)
elif file.endswith('xlsx'):
data = read_xlsx(file)
else:
data = ['not support file']
return data最终代码
import xlrd
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def read_xls(file):
# 实例化excel
book = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
# 下标读取sheet
sheet = book.sheet_by_index(1)
# sheet name读取sheet
# sheet = book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
# 获取总行数
nrows = sheet.nrows
# 循环读取每行数据
datas = []
for i in range(1, nrows):
# print(sheet.row_values(i))
# 数据组装dic+t格式
data = dict(zip(sheet.row_values(0), sheet.row_values(i)))
datas.append(data)
return datas
def read_xlsx(file):
# 加载文件
book = load_workbook(file)
# sheet name获取sheet：
sheet = book['sheet1']
# 获取总行数
rows = sheet.max_row
# 获取总列数
# cols = sheet.max_column
# print(rows)
# 获取表头
head = [row for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=1, values_only=True)][0]
# 数据组装
datas = []
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=rows + 1, values_only=True):
data = dict(zip(head, row))
datas.append(data)
# print(datas)
return datas
# 获取单元格值：
# Data = sheet.cell(row=row, column=col).value # 获取表格内容，是从第一行第一列是从1开始的，注意不要丢掉 .value
def read_excel(file: str):
if file.endswith('xls'):
data = read_xls(file)
elif file.endswith('xlsx'):
data = read_xlsx(file)
else:
data = ['not support file']
return data
